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  • Why don’t birds get electrocuted when they sit on power lines?

    Dear Angel,

    I’ve never sat on a power line. I like to keep my paws firmly on the ground. But birds love resting there, especially in winter. Power lines give off a little heat, so it’s a good spot for birds to snuggle together and stay warm.

    I talked about how they do that safely with my friend Javier Guerrero. He’s a professor of electrical and computer engineering at Washington State University.

    He told me birds do get electrocuted on power lines sometimes. But that won’t happen if the bird touches just the power line—and doesn’t touch other lines or the pole at the … » More …

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  • Why do dogs have tails?

    Dear Bailey,

    My best friend is a golden retriever. When I get home, she greets me with a goofy smile and a big wag of her fluffy tail.

    I talked about why she has a tail with my friend Jillian Haines. She’s a veterinarian at Washington State University.

    She told me dogs use their tails for lots of things. Tails help dogs balance while running, jumping or swimming. Tails help dogs communicate with each other and other animals. Some dogs in the Arctic—like sled dogs—use their tails to stay warm. They curl up and cover their noses with their fluffy tails.

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  • Why do we get rashes on our skin?

    Dear Claire,

    I’ve been allergic to fleas ever since I was a kitten. Flea bites give me an itchy, red rash.

    I talked about why that happens with my friend Bevan Briggs. He’s a nurse practitioner and professor at Washington State University. Nurse practitioners are nurses with advanced training. They diagnose illnesses, order tests and prescribe medicine.

    Briggs told me that often rashes happen when the immune system gets turned on. The immune system is the body’s defense system.

    “It’s the way our body tries to protect us from germs and poisons,” he said. “Rashes happen because your immune system identifies something as … » More …

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  • Why do all insects have six legs?

    Dear Charlie,

    There are about 40 kinds of cats out there—like me. There’s only one kind of human on Earth now. But there are more than a million kinds of insects. That’s just the insect species we know about.

    Every single one of those insects has six legs.

    I talked about why that is with my friend Allan Felsot. He’s an insect scientist at Washington State University.

    He told me there must be some evolutionary reason insects have six legs—like better stability when walking.

    “In biology, every ‘why’ question has the same answer,” Felsot said. “Things are the way they are because of adaptations … » More …

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  • Do fish and sharks drink water?

    Dear Copper,

    All living things need water. It’s how life works on Earth. But do animals that swim in water drink water?

    I talked about that with my friend Nora Hickey. She’s a fish veterinarian at Washington State University.

    She told me it depends on the kind of fish. Saltwater fish constantly drink water. Freshwater fish drink hardly any water.

    It’s all about the salts inside their bodies. Those salts make their muscles and nervous systems work.

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  • Who invented the calendar?

    Dear Audrey,

    I use a calendar to keep up with my work as a science cat. I also love calendar apps that count down to big events—like my birthday. People have always tracked time for work and holidays.

    I talked about this with my friend Nikolaus Overtoom. He’s a professor of ancient history at Washington State University.

    He told me we use the Gregorian calendar today. That’s a revised version of the Julian calendar. The Romans invented the Julian calendar.

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  • What diseases were on pirate ships?

    Dear Anika,

    A pirate’s life was dangerous. They attacked other ships and battled other pirates as well as the law. But they were also at the mercy of another foe: sickness.

    I talked about this with my friend Lawrence Hatter. He’s a history professor at Washington State University.

    He told me the big era for pirates was 1710 to 1730. It was a time when lots of sailors were out of work. Some of them became pirates.

    Here are four kinds of disease they might face on the job: scurvy, mosquito-borne diseases, infectious diseases and gangrene.

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  • Why do babies cry?

    Dear Camren,

    I was a very quiet kitten. I only cried when I needed something. But some kittens in my litter cried all the time.

    I talked about this with my friend Masha Gartstein. She’s a psychology professor at Washington State University. She studies how babies develop different temperaments. That’s how you relate to the world around you in a way that’s unique and fairly consistent.

    Gartstein told me babies cry because they’re helpless. They need a way to signal that they need something.

    “Babies are born into this world needing a lot of assistance—and without a lot of communication tools,” she said. “Crying … » More …

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  • What organism would survive an apocalypse?

    Dear Marshall,

    Sometimes I get x-rays at the veterinarian. They work by sending a small amount of powerful energy—called radiation—through my body. X-rays only contain a small amount of radiation. Too much radiation would harm my cells.

    The organisms most likely to survive extreme radiation might be microbes. These creatures are so tiny you need a microscope to see them.

    To learn more, I talked with my friend Cynthia Haseltine. She’s a microbiologist at Washington State University. She studies extremophiles. These microbes love intense environments. Boiling heat? Freezing cold? Blistering acid? Yes, please.

    Haseltine told me the amount of radiation an organism can … » More …

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  • Why do crickets make sound?

    Dear Carola,

    Have you ever read the book “The Very Quiet Cricket?” It’s about a young cricket who can’t chirp until he grows up.

    My friend Rich Zack reminded me of that book when we talked about your question. He’s an insect scientist at Washington State University.

    He told me only adult male crickets make sound. Sometimes they chirp to defend their territories. It’s how they tell other male crickets to stay away.

    But the main reason they chirp is to find a mate. Cricket chirps are mating songs. That song will be different for different kinds of crickets—and the song changes when … » More …

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