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Ask Dr. Universe Podcast | How Do You Science

Meet an Ecologist (for the birds!)

Dr. Universe, a grey cat with a lab coat, looking through binoculars

Welcome back, young scientists. I’m Dr. Universe.  If you’re anything like me, you’ve got lots of big questions about our world.

Today we’re talking about birds with Jennifer Phillips, an ecologist at Washington State University.

  • Learn about sensory pollution and the difference between a phenotype and a genotype
  • Find out how birds get tagged and measured—and how it’s a little bit like an alien abduction
  • Hear Dr. Phillips’ journey to be a scientist, her favorite bird fact and how being a scientist is like being a spy

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  • Do babies open their eyes when they are in their mom’s tummy?

    Dear Neela,

    My litter mates and I were born with our eyes closed. It takes a week or more for newborn kittens to open their eyes and see the world. But newborn humans can open their eyes and look around right away.

    I talked about your question with my friend Cindy Brigham-Althoff. She’s a nurse midwife and professor at Washington State University.

    She told me that whether unborn babies can open their eyes depends on their fetal age, or how close they are to being born.

    Most babies are ready to be born after about 38 weeks of growing and developing. (Or 40 … » More …

    Read Story
  • Why are cats scared of cucumbers/snakes?

    Dear Aurelia,

    It’s been almost ten years since someone went viral for recording a cat freaking out about a cucumber. In that video, a human sneaked up behind a cat while it was eating. They silently placed a cucumber behind the cat. When the cat turned around, it jumped super high and ran away. Soon, lots of people were making those videos.

    I asked my friend Jessica Bunch why all those cats were scared. She’s a veterinarian at Washington State University.

    She told me that cats can be surprised by new things. That’s especially true if the new thing shows up without warning. Or … » More …

    Read Story
  • How are plants considered living if they don’t have a heart or brain?

    Dear Lily,

    You and I are both animals with backbones, so we have lots in common. Our ways of being alive look similar. We have hearts to pump blood. We have brains that help us think and communicate.

    But plants don’t have the same body systems we do.

    I talked about your question with my friend Michael Knoblauch. He’s a plant scientist at Washington State University.

    He told me plants are seriously good at being alive. In fact, 80% of all the living things on Earth are plants.

    “Go out in the forest and look around,” Knoblauch said. “You might see birds and … » More …

    Read Story
  • What would happen to female honey bees if male bees didn’t exist?

    Dear Emmie,

    When I want something sweet, I pull out a jar of honey made by my bee friends at Washington State University. I talked about your question with one of the insect scientists there, Rae Olsson.

    They told me a honey bee colony includes one female queen, many female workers and, depending on the time of year, some male drones.

    Workers have lots of jobs. They gather nectar and pollen. They take care of each other, the queen and the baby bees.

    A drone’s only job is to mate with a queen from another colony.

    The queen’s only job is to … » More …

    Read Story
  • Why do plants need water?

    Dear Emma,

    When I’m thirsty, I pick up a glass of water with my paws and drink it—just like you do. But plants don’t have paws or mouths, so how (and why) do they drink it?

    To find the answer, I talked with my friend Helmut Kirchhoff. He’s a scientist at Washington State University. He studies plants and biochemistry.

    He told me plants need water inside their cells. Water makes plant cells strong and flexible. It also dissolves stuff. That makes it possible for chemical reactions to happen inside plant cells—like the reactions a plant uses to make energy during photosynthesis. Plants also … » More …

    Read Story
  • Where do frogs go in the winter?

    Dear Landon,

    When the cold weather comes, I bundle up in a sweater and explore the snow.

    But my frog friends are never around then. In fact, I’ve never seen a frog in a sweater.

    I asked my friend Erica Crespi why that is. She’s a biologist at Washington State University. She studies frogs and other amphibians.

    She told me frogs are different from you and me. We’re warm-blooded. Our bodies use energy to make heat. When it’s cold outside, it’s still warm inside our bodies. We just put on warm clothes to keep our heat from escaping.

    But frogs are <a ... » More …

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  • How are the insides of an insect different from a human?

    Dear Landon,

    I love taking selfies with my insect friends. They’re so tiny and look so different from a big cat like me.

    But my friend Rich Zack told me that insects and humans have lots in common. He’s an insect scientist at Washington State University.

    “There are body systems that every animal needs,” Zack said. “Insects are relatively advanced animals, so they do a lot of things like humans do.”

    That means many of an insect’s body systems are like yours. But there are three body systems that are super different for insects. Those are the skeletal, circulatory and respiratory systems.

    Read Story
  • Why are dolphins mammals and not fish?

    Dear Evie,

    As fellow mammals, you and I have a lot in common. It’s easy to see our similarities because humans and cats spend lots of time together. We may even be roommates or family.

    But humans and cats don’t usually have dolphin besties. It’s harder to see what we have in common when our bodies and lives are so different.

    To better understand mammal life, I talked with my friend Kevin Turner. He teaches marine biology at Washington State University.

    “The name mammal comes from the presence of mammary glands,” Turner said. “So, the major characteristic of mammals is that we have … » More …

    Read Story
  • Why does milk cure the spicy feeling in your mouth after you eat something spicy but water doesn’t?

    Dear Eloise,

    My work as a science cat has introduced me to human foods—like chips and salsa. I love the spicy taste of salsa, but I always keep a saucer of milk handy.

    I talked about why milk calms the spicy feeling with my friend Emily Cukier. She’s a chemistry librarian at Washington State University.

    She told me that the spicy feeling comes from something called capsaicin. The amount of capsaicin in a pepper determines how hot it is.

    Read Story
  • How do people get ear infections?

    Dear Lydia,

    Ear infections aren’t fun. They can make your ears hot, itchy or painful. They can cause lots of pressure or make it harder to hear. Sometimes fluid leaks out of your ear.

    I asked my friend Bevan Briggs why that happens. He’s a nurse practitioner and professor at Washington State University.

    He told me people usually get outer ear or middle ear infections.

    Your outer ear includes the flappy part attached to your head—called the auricle or pinna. It also includes the ear canal. That’s the tunnel that goes into your head. At the end of the ear canal, there’s a thin, … » More …

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